Which instructional model is characterized by a focus on student-centered learning?

• A. Lecture-based learning
• B. Inquiry-based learning
• C. Direct instruction
• D. Behaviorist learning theory

Answer: (B)

Inquiry-based learning is characterized by a student-centered approach, where learners actively engage in the process of questioning, exploring, and discovering information. This model emphasizes the role of students as active participants in their own education rather than passive recipients of knowledge. Through inquiry, students formulate questions, conduct investigations, and develop deeper understanding by connecting new information to their prior knowledge and experiences.

In contrast, lecture-based learning is more teacher-centered, often prioritizing the delivery of content by the educator to the students. Direct instruction similarly focuses on structured teaching where the instructor leads the learning process with a clear, directive approach. Behaviorist learning theory centers on observable behaviors and reinforces them through rewards and punishments, which does not prioritize student agency or curiosity in learning. By focusing on student-centered exploration and critical thinking, inquiry-based learning fosters skills like problem-solving and collaboration, making it an effective instructional model.